2017年6月8日 星期四
香港寧波幫的超级電容储能式现代電车
十秒级闪充超電容储能式公交车在寧波下线
轉載自新华网2015年04月16日
http://news.xinhuanet.com/fortune/2015-04/16/c_1114991849.htm
http://news.xinhuanet.com/fortune/2015-04/16/c_1114991849.htm
新华网寧波４月１６電（记者裘立华）１０秒钟，就可以充满電池行驶五公里以上！４月１６日，中国南车株洲電力机车有限公司的十秒级闪充超级電容储能式现代电车在寧波生产基地正式下线。
１６日上午９时３０分左右，一辆黑色橘黄相间的两节公交车缓缓驶出中国南车旗下的浙江南车现代无轨電车有限公司，这是全球首推的１８米超级電容储能式ＢＲＴ快速公交车。同时推出的，还有两辆１２米超级電容储能式公交车。
中国南车株机公司董事长、总经理周清和说，这两辆纯電动公交车无须架设空中供电网，只需在公交站点设置充電桩，利用乘客上下车３０秒内即可把電充满并维持运行5公里以上，可在线循环往复运营。 (博主補充,
“而其在制动和下坡时，还可把８０％以上的刹车能量或势能转换成電能回收存储起来再使用。同样的运行工况下，比没有回收能力的電车可以节约３０％－５０％的電能消耗。”周清和说。
这次下线的电车，核心技术是我国领先的超级電容。中国南车首席专家杨颖说，新電车的超级電容，属于世界领先技术，一是完全采用物理吸附技术而不是化学反应，不会像锂電池这样不稳定而发生爆炸。同时，新的超级電容，能快速储电，仅仅只要１０秒钟。
周清和说，就城市交通而言，修建地铁需要百亿元量级（省级）的投入，而有轨電车属于十亿元量级（地市级财政）的投入，无轨電车则更低，属于千万元量级（区、县、镇）的投入，其新建线路对于很多地方政府来说能承受得起。
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http://news.tvb.com/local/5937c9a56db28c057248357f
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Source: google map
元朗青山公路六線行車, 輕鐵佔用了四條線是否太多?
問題求解: 設旅客流量平均, 每車來回均服務50人次. 500架雙層電容储能式電車 20 小時內出車10次即解决 500, 000 人需求 (500架 x 10次 x 2 (來回) x 50人/架). 短程車可一天出車 10 - 15 次.
設每架雙層電容储能式電車 100 萬港元共費5億. 粗略估計此『死症』之解决不會超過10億港元.
元朗至屯門輕鐵總長度 36.15 公里, 來回方向各有 250 架雙層電容储能式電車, 每架距離 144.6 公尺, 即每公里有7架. 上下班以雙倍計, 每公里有 14 架, 每架距離 72.3 公尺.
恢复元朗青山公路六線行車, 來程及去程每公里有7 - 14 架雙層電容储能式電車會不會構成路面擠塞? 應该不會, 可以一試.
參考: 9月底深圳公交全部电动化
延伸閱讀:
全球首条超级電容储能式现代電车运营示范线开通
http://www.chinanews.com/cj/2015/07-28/7432778.shtml
超级電容现代无轨電车欧洲首跑成功
中国首台超级電容储能式電车出口欧洲
“超级電容電动城市客车商业化, 國際化运行”十周年 http://www.aowei.com/article_view.php?id=266
2017年6月6日 星期二
屯門地爐柴火豬
轉載自何駿傑 (精采大圖請看原文):
https://www.am730.com.hk/column/Lifestyle/屯門地爐柴火豬-38671
![news-images]( "屯門地爐柴火豬")
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上年尾到廣州淺嘗荔枝柴燒乳豬，難得這風味能延續下去，原來香港仍有柴火燒豬。柴火燒豬的工序繁多，加上沒有新人入行，還要面對環保問題，屯門藍地的榮興儀記是全港惟一擁有柴火燒味牌照的工場，老店一直扎根屯門，由燒味檔做到海鮮飯店，默默工作，燒出濃濃細味，敬業樂業，堅守最後一家。
第二代老闆說，一九五四年先在新墟開燒味檔，六十年代在藍地自設工場燒柴火豬，「以前工場位置周邊皆農田，柴煙沒有影響居民」。燒柴火豬先要燒柴，將新柴放在爐燒一個鐘，待柴燒清後才可放豬，若柴燒不清會令豬有燶味，放豬後要留意爐內溫度及時間。柴燒清後，爐內溫度約攝氏238度，要淋水降溫到攝氏 180度，直到達攝氏120度才可放豬，隔3至5分鐘要開爐蓋「轉豬」。他指放豬後首20分鐘便決出該豬是否燒得「爆皮」，「爆皮」代表皮是否燒得爽脆，燒豬時爐內溫度會稍為提高，期間要淋水降溫，約燒一小時可出爐，冬天要燒多5分鐘，出爐時柴香撲鼻，紅皮爽脆，食時肉味香濃，肉汁流溢，內腔只用鹽、糖醃。他表示圍村人會要求醃肉時加酒、五香粉及磨豉醬，加香料後更惹味，可惜肉色會轉深，賣相不討好。要知道豬放入爐燒前，亦要經一番工序處理，開首「打豬」，切走內腔多餘肉及骨，用鹽、糖醃十分鐘，開厚肉部分，醃時更入味；其次是「裝豬」，將豬吊起，約吊兩、三分鐘，使多餘鹽分跌下來；接着「上皮」，豬身搽上麥芽糖水後「焙皮」，放入其他爐燒十五分鐘，豬身會變米黃色；跟着「鬆針」，在豬身上拮針，由頭拮到尾，燒時皮不會起泡。完成所有步驟後可入爐燒，由「打豬」到入爐前已開始燒柴，所以一隻柴火豬最少用兩小時才算完成。除豬外，其他鴨、鵝及乳豬都可以用柴燒，不過要將爐的溫度降到更低溫，否則會燒到炭黑，雖然味道上帶點炭香，現已全改用太空爐燒，方便又少煙，但柴火燒豬一定會做下去，他說父親堅持做，即使爐壁損毀要自己維修也要繼續，笑說若不做下去，這風味會隨時光流逝。
過新年時一定會買些燒肉祭神，除燒肉外，老店的叉燒及滷味亦做得不錯，年夜飯可買些加餸試試。炒米餅及柴火燒豬能勾起過新年的思憶，可惜後繼無人，社會又不懂欣賞「老土」風味，站在推土機下，趕快記下屬於你我的舊記憶，共慶新歲，歡欣萬千。
何駿傑-四處搵食，尤喜懷舊食物，愛好下廚，搵人做白老鼠。acmilanfrance@yahoo.com.hk
個人網頁: https://zh-hk.facebook.com/何駿傑-295438437248790
https://www.am730.com.hk/column/Lifestyle/屯門地爐柴火豬-38671
屯門地爐柴火豬
工場內有三個柴火地爐，全部逾50年歷史，一爐可燒8至10隻豬，一日出爐3次。燒豬多用中豬，不可太肥，中豬一隻連內臟有80斤重，燒熟後只有40至46斤重。
柴火豬燒熟後不可即食，要攤最少10分鐘，否則會皮肉分離。叉燒用腍身柳梅，一隻豬只有四、五條，用醬料醃15分鐘，燒45分鐘。(燒腩
$120/斤，叉燒 $64/斤)
滷味即日早上最少浸２至３小時，故下午4點半後才有，有鵝掌、牛肚、大腸、豬脷，及鵝翼，鵝翼骨肉分離，腍滑入味，鹹味不重。($64/斤)
工人替豬「鬆針」疏氣，準備柴燒。
現選用木卡板當柴燒，不用荔枝柴是因木質太硬，最少用2至3小時才燒清，不符合經濟原則。
工場：榮興儀記─屯門藍地桃源圍1號電話：24679293
銷售：榮興燒臘專家─屯門三聖邨豐漁樓12號電話：24505082
第二代老闆說，一九五四年先在新墟開燒味檔，六十年代在藍地自設工場燒柴火豬，「以前工場位置周邊皆農田，柴煙沒有影響居民」。燒柴火豬先要燒柴，將新柴放在爐燒一個鐘，待柴燒清後才可放豬，若柴燒不清會令豬有燶味，放豬後要留意爐內溫度及時間。柴燒清後，爐內溫度約攝氏238度，要淋水降溫到攝氏 180度，直到達攝氏120度才可放豬，隔3至5分鐘要開爐蓋「轉豬」。他指放豬後首20分鐘便決出該豬是否燒得「爆皮」，「爆皮」代表皮是否燒得爽脆，燒豬時爐內溫度會稍為提高，期間要淋水降溫，約燒一小時可出爐，冬天要燒多5分鐘，出爐時柴香撲鼻，紅皮爽脆，食時肉味香濃，肉汁流溢，內腔只用鹽、糖醃。他表示圍村人會要求醃肉時加酒、五香粉及磨豉醬，加香料後更惹味，可惜肉色會轉深，賣相不討好。要知道豬放入爐燒前，亦要經一番工序處理，開首「打豬」，切走內腔多餘肉及骨，用鹽、糖醃十分鐘，開厚肉部分，醃時更入味；其次是「裝豬」，將豬吊起，約吊兩、三分鐘，使多餘鹽分跌下來；接着「上皮」，豬身搽上麥芽糖水後「焙皮」，放入其他爐燒十五分鐘，豬身會變米黃色；跟着「鬆針」，在豬身上拮針，由頭拮到尾，燒時皮不會起泡。完成所有步驟後可入爐燒，由「打豬」到入爐前已開始燒柴，所以一隻柴火豬最少用兩小時才算完成。除豬外，其他鴨、鵝及乳豬都可以用柴燒，不過要將爐的溫度降到更低溫，否則會燒到炭黑，雖然味道上帶點炭香，現已全改用太空爐燒，方便又少煙，但柴火燒豬一定會做下去，他說父親堅持做，即使爐壁損毀要自己維修也要繼續，笑說若不做下去，這風味會隨時光流逝。
過新年時一定會買些燒肉祭神，除燒肉外，老店的叉燒及滷味亦做得不錯，年夜飯可買些加餸試試。炒米餅及柴火燒豬能勾起過新年的思憶，可惜後繼無人，社會又不懂欣賞「老土」風味，站在推土機下，趕快記下屬於你我的舊記憶，共慶新歲，歡欣萬千。
何駿傑-四處搵食，尤喜懷舊食物，愛好下廚，搵人做白老鼠。acmilanfrance@yahoo.com.hk
個人網頁: https://zh-hk.facebook.com/何駿傑-295438437248790
国家海洋局第一研究所与海南签约合作开展南海海洋温差能发电
国家海洋局第一研究所与海南签约合作 谋划加快服务国家“一带一路”战略
2016-08-31
[摘要]29日下午，国家海洋局第一研究所与海南签署战略合作协议，双方谋划加快服务国家“一带一路”和“海洋强国”战略。
29日下午，国家海洋局第一研究所与海南签署战略合作协议，双方谋划加快服务国家“一带一路”和“海洋强国”战略。
协议签署前，省委副书记、省长刘赐贵会见了国家海洋局第一海洋研究所科研团队。
根据协议，双方将加强海洋防灾减灾体系建设以及海洋环境生态保护、资源开发可持续利用；海洋一所将为海南提供周边海域大气、海浪、海流数值预报模式改进及优化，以及灾害预警系统建立等服务。
国家海洋局第一海洋研究所所长
双方还明确，将联合开展南海海洋温差能发电、海水淡化、冷源供给、以及海洋深层水应用的开发和产业化；积极联合申请东盟合作资金；通过互派人员参与合作项目、短期培训等方式为海南培养人才，并在海南探索国家海洋碳汇项目。
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------国家海洋局第一研究所与中广核研究院有限公司签订了“战略合作框架”协议
2016-12-02
轉載自: http://www.fio.org.cn/article/2016/12/2016120214201824321.htm
2017年6月3日 星期六
全球最大深海渔场“青岛造”
OFFSHORE FISH FARMING
A new era in fish farming is on its way
博主說明:Source:
Ocean Farm 1 – the world’s first offshore fish farm – is now delivered from the shipyard in China and will soon be on its way to Norway. It may represent the first step towards a new era in aquaculture. Based on world-class Norwegian aquaculture and offshore technology, Ocean Farm 1 aspires to address central issues related to sustainable growth in the aquaculture industry.
Following an official handover ceremony on June 3, 2017, Ocean Farm 1 will be sea transferred at the shipyard in Qingdao, China and set its course for the coast of Norway. Upon arrival in the second half of 2017, the 110-meters wide structure will be positioned in Frohavet, off the coast of Trøndelag. As a full-scale pilot facility, Ocean Farm 1 is designed to test out both the biological as well as the technological aspects of offshore fish farming.
Responding to the world’s need for more and healthier food
Within 2030, the world needs to produce 70% more food, and we need to do so using less resources and with a minimal environmental footprint. While oceans cover more than two thirds of the world’s surface, only 2% of the food energy for human consumption comes from the sea. Producing animal protein from aquaculture takes less resources and is friendlier to the climate compared to livestock. Since traditional fisheries are almost fully exploited, increased aquaculture production needs to play a major part in efforts to feed future generations.
Awarded first development licenses in Norway
The Norwegian Ministry of Fisheries and Coastal affairs recently decided to award development licenses for aquaculture purposes. The objective is to spur new technology concepts that can ensure sufficient growth whilst also ensuring environmental sustainability. The Ocean Farm project is an answer to this the challenge, and SalMar was the first seafood producer in Norway to be awarded this type of development license.
Developed in Norway, built in China
Behind the project is a unique interdisciplinary partnership between world-leading players in Norway within aquaculture, offshore and research (see table below for details). The result is a structure built on the robust technology and principles used at submersible offshore installations, while safeguarding the biological needs of the salmon. When developing technical solutions, every fish farming process has been considered, and new approaches are established for the various operating procedures. The structure complies with the aquaculture industry’s own fabrication standards, as well as relevant offshore oil and gas standards. Ocean Farm 1 is built by the China Shipbuilding Industry Corporation (CSIS) in Qingdao, China.
A full-scale pilot facility
The conclusion of the construction project is a significant milestone for SalMar, but the real work starts now. Ocean Farm 1 is a full-scale pilot facility for testing, learning, research and development. It will be equipped for R&D activities, with particular focus on biological conditions and fish welfare. Aiming to reduce environmental footprints, improve fish welfare and answer acreage challenges, the learning and new solutions from the project could represent a new era in sustainable seafood production – and is potentially adaptable world wide. In SalMar, we know that as operation starts, we are entering a new challenging phase.
This is Ocean Farming
The company behind Ocean Farm 1 is Ocean Farming AS, a subsidiary of the SalMar Group. Ocean Farming was established specifically to develop an offshore fish farming capability. Through the development and implementation of new technologies and the build-up of operational experience, Ocean Farming will acquire the specialist expertise needed for this next generation of fish farming facilities to achieve its full potential. Ocean Farm 1 demonstrates SalMar’s drive and determination to lead the way in technologies for sustainable seafood production. Ocean Farming has received grants from Innovation Norway to help fund the concept development phase.
Key dimensions Ocean Farm 1:
Height: 68 m
Diameter: 110 m
Volume: 250,000 m3
Our partners in the Ocean Farm project
| Global Maritime AS | Design and systems integration |
| Kongsberg Maritime AS | Electrical installations and instrumentation for marine and fish handling systems |
| Mørenot Aquaculture AS | Hull outfitting, nets and moveable bulkhead arrangement |
| Malm Orstad AS | Drive system for moveable bulkhead |
| Emstec GmbH | Equipment and systems for fish transfer |
| Graintec AS | Equipment and systems for receipt and distribution of fish feed |
| Optimar Stette AS | Equipment and systems for handling dead fish |
| Pump Supply AS | Equipment and systems for net cleaning |
| CSIC QWHI | Hull construction and installation of marine systems |
| DNV GL/Noomas | Third-party verification and certification |
| MARINTEK | Model testing and associated analysis |
| Sintef Fiskeri- og havbruk AS | Environmental data and calculation of currents |
| FugroOceanor AS | Environmental data and wave calculations |
| Ramnäs Bruk AB | Mooring chain |
| Lankhorst Euronete S.A. | Fibre ropes |
| Farstad Offshore AS | Installation mooring system and fishfarm |
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全球最大深海渔场“青岛造”青岛早报
2017-06-04
昨日，世界首座规模最大的智能海上渔场顺利交付。
南海波浪能
Harnessing
the ocean: China’s military looks to wave farms to power radar on remote islands
as South China Sea disputes simmer
Country
has been testing one of the largest power-generating machines of its kind in the
world with maximum capacity in excess of 200 kilowatts.
Source:
These giant floating power stations are expected to significantly strengthen the nation’s foothold in the disputed waters.
A full-scale unit, about half the size of a soccer field, was deployed for a test run in waters off the Wanshan archipelago near the city of Zhuhai in Guangdong province earlier this month, said the researchers at the Chinese Academy of Sciences’ Guangzhou Institute of energy Conversion.
Using cutting-edge mechanical designs, the generator will efficiently transform the constant movement of the sea water into electricity and stay in operation on windless days and also in the face of a super-typhoon, they said.
China’s breakneck rush to build civilian and military facilities in these seas has stretched its power supply chain in recent years. One of the biggest headaches has proven to be keeping the country’s larger-than-ever radar network in constant operation.
“Military radars are power-hungry beasts that must be fed all the time,” said one researcher, who declined to be named due to the sensitivity of the issue.
“Sending fossil fuels to remote islands is costly and time-consuming. The shipping can also be affected easily by bad weather or unfriendly neighbours,” the researcher added.
More power is needed for the radar to cast its net wider. When operating at full power to get a bead on a distant fighter jet or unknown object, an early warning system may require thousands of kilowatts of energy - tantamount to the total demand of 1,000 average households in the United States.
Conventional renewable energy sources are not suitable for small islands, the researchers said.
Most lack sufficient land area for the installation of solar power panels, which at any rate are usually quickly compromised by faecal matter from birds, the team said.
Moreover, wind turbines cannot generate a stable enough energy supply, and their performance is also severely affected by the weather.
The unit that was tested is among the largest power-generating machines of its kind in the world, capable of churning out in excess of 200 kilowatts.
Similar power buoys deployed in the US and Australia have shown peak power outputs of around 150kw. The largest single wave energy convertor to date was a prototype deployed at a wave farm in Portugal, which recorded 750kw.
But the new Chinese generator can survive even the most extreme weather conditions, the researchers said.
In the event of a typhoon, it would automatically partially submerge, leaving only a small area on the surface to avoid damage caused by strong winds.
The unit is not anchored to the ocean bed, which allows it to move freely amid strong waves.
The design, which resembles half a submarine, has performed well. A smaller 10-kw prototype even survived Typhoon Haiyan in the South China Sea two years ago. The typhoon claimed over 6,000 lives in the Philippines.
The machine continued generating power during the typhoon even after most of it was submerged, the researchers said.
The wave farms that are planned have a flexible capacity with room to grow as more converters can be added later to meet demand.
The electricity will be channelled to nearby islands using underwater cables.
The enormous power requirements of military radar facilities means they cannot operate on a full-time basis with a large and stable energy supply, so using sea waves to provide power is a logical solution, said Li Ming. The professor of radar technology works at the National Lab of Radar Signal Processing in Xidian University, Xi’an in northwestern Shaanxi province.
But Li doubted whether a wave farm would fully satisfy demand.
“A warning radar consumes far more than 200kw of power,” he said.
Another problem is the cost of such an operation. A wave farm needs many power-generating units to form a grid for maximum output.
But those who field-tested the single unit recently said it cost nearly 20 million yuan (US$3.13 million) to design and build.
英國的酒館晚间小吃: 千層麵,牧羊人pie,漢堡飽,鳮翼,香腸,炸银魚
Pub grub -a pie, along with a pint
品脱啤酒.
"Pub grub" expanded to include British food items such as steak and ale pie, shepherd's pie, fish and chips, bangers and mash, Sunday roast, ploughman's lunch, and pasties. In addition, dishes such as burgers, chicken wings, lasagne and chilli con carne 辣豆酱 are often served. Some pubs offer elaborate hot and cold snacks free to customers at Sunday lunchtimes, to prevent them getting hungry and leaving for their lunch at home.
Since the 1990s food has become a more important part of a pub's trade, and today most pubs serve lunches and dinners at the table in addition to (or instead of) snacks consumed at the bar. They may have a separate dining room. Some pubs serve meals to a higher standard, to match good restaurant standards; these are sometimes termed gastropubs.
Source: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pub#Pub_companies
以下图文轉載自：
Lasagna is always a good crowd pleaser. 千層麵是一種麵食，特點是用多張寬如手帕的大麵皮疊起來，內層夾上多種乳酪及肉醬，經焗製調味而成。Source:
Shepherd's pie is a popular pub grub.
In most of the United Kingdom, as well as Ireland, there are popular establishments called pubs which serve both food and alcoholic beverages to a primarily working class clientele. These "public houses" are well-known for serving a variety of comfort foods, appetizers and bar snacks collectively referred to as pub grub by patrons 主顧（尤指老顧客）. Standard pub food is rarely mistaken for haute cuisine, but it is generally served in substantial quantities and matches well with stout beers and ales, most notably Guinness.
Traditional pub grub was quite often a slow-cooked stew or a meat-and-vegetables stuffed pie. Workers with contaminated fingers might order a Cornish pasty, a meat stew encased in a doughy crust with a thick, largely inedible rim for safe handling. Other patrons could order a shepherd's pie, a meat dish encased in twice-cooked mashed potatoes. A serving of steak and kidney pie or a simple ploughman's lunch would also qualify as typical pub grub.
The menu for a full-service pub might also include bangers and mash, a dish which combines pan-fried local sausage with a bed of mashed potatoes and a flavorful gravy. The quintessential English snack food fish and chips would also be considered pub grub, along with a sausage and Yorkshire pudding dish known affectionately as "Toad in the Hole."
"Pub grub" expanded to include British food items such as steak and ale pie, shepherd's pie, fish and chips, bangers and mash, Sunday roast, ploughman's lunch, and pasties. In addition, dishes such as burgers, chicken wings, lasagne and chilli con carne 辣豆酱 are often served. Some pubs offer elaborate hot and cold snacks free to customers at Sunday lunchtimes, to prevent them getting hungry and leaving for their lunch at home.
Since the 1990s food has become a more important part of a pub's trade, and today most pubs serve lunches and dinners at the table in addition to (or instead of) snacks consumed at the bar. They may have a separate dining room. Some pubs serve meals to a higher standard, to match good restaurant standards; these are sometimes termed gastropubs.
Source: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pub#Pub_companies
以下图文轉載自：
Lasagna is always a good crowd pleaser. 千層麵是一種麵食，特點是用多張寬如手帕的大麵皮疊起來，內層夾上多種乳酪及肉醬，經焗製調味而成。Source:
Shepherd's pie is a popular pub grub.
In most of the United Kingdom, as well as Ireland, there are popular establishments called pubs which serve both food and alcoholic beverages to a primarily working class clientele. These "public houses" are well-known for serving a variety of comfort foods, appetizers and bar snacks collectively referred to as pub grub by patrons 主顧（尤指老顧客）. Standard pub food is rarely mistaken for haute cuisine, but it is generally served in substantial quantities and matches well with stout beers and ales, most notably Guinness.
Traditional pub grub was quite often a slow-cooked stew or a meat-and-vegetables stuffed pie. Workers with contaminated fingers might order a Cornish pasty, a meat stew encased in a doughy crust with a thick, largely inedible rim for safe handling. Other patrons could order a shepherd's pie, a meat dish encased in twice-cooked mashed potatoes. A serving of steak and kidney pie or a simple ploughman's lunch would also qualify as typical pub grub.
The menu for a full-service pub might also include bangers and mash, a dish which combines pan-fried local sausage with a bed of mashed potatoes and a flavorful gravy. The quintessential English snack food fish and chips would also be considered pub grub, along with a sausage and Yorkshire pudding dish known affectionately as "Toad in the Hole."
Modern pubs have also added some international
foods to their menus, including American hamburgers, Indian curry dishes,
Italian lasagna and Mexican chili. Indian dishes such
as chicken tikka masala have become especially popular in the UK. Modern pub
grub also includes typical bar food such as fried potato skins, breaded cheese
sticks and fried chicken tenders or shrimp served in baskets. Perhaps the most
traditional pub food still found on modern menus are prawns and a pint,
consisting of boiled prawns served in a pint glass with a stout ale
chaser.
The evolution of British cuisine from simple working class comfort foods to world-class fusion dishes can be experienced in new upscale restaurants known as gastropubs. Chefs have taken many of the traditional pub recipes and methods to greater gastronomic heights with the addition of complex sauces or exotic ingredients. As long as the local population feels the need to wet their whistles at a neighborhood pub, however, there should always be traditional pub grub available for visitors.
Broiled焗爐從食物上方發出短暫但高溫的熱源,做出香脆效果 bacon-wrapped scallops 扇貝,俗稱元貝或帶子.
American hamburgers are found on many pub menus.
Bangers, which are pan-fried sauages, are popular pub fare.
Chicken wings are popular
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Pub grub:
The evolution of British cuisine from simple working class comfort foods to world-class fusion dishes can be experienced in new upscale restaurants known as gastropubs. Chefs have taken many of the traditional pub recipes and methods to greater gastronomic heights with the addition of complex sauces or exotic ingredients. As long as the local population feels the need to wet their whistles at a neighborhood pub, however, there should always be traditional pub grub available for visitors.
Broiled焗爐從食物上方發出短暫但高溫的熱源,做出香脆效果 bacon-wrapped scallops 扇貝,俗稱元貝或帶子.
American hamburgers are found on many pub menus.
Bangers, which are pan-fried sauages, are popular pub fare.
Chicken wings are popular
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Pub grub:
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