圖文轉載自: https://www.som.com/china/projects/pearl_river_tower
为了打造全球最节能的摩天大楼之一，SOM在309米高的珠江城大厦设计中结合了最新的可持续性技术与工程专业知识。这一设计完美体现了人类与环境和谐共存的理念。
这座大厦时尚、符合空气动力学的外形得益于对周边日照和风力模式的精确了解。该设计优化了太阳的照射路径，使大厦能够充分利用太阳能。大厦的雕塑型主体将风引至设备层的一对开口，以推动涡轮机为大厦发电。
其他集成化设计和工程元素包括太阳能电池面板、双层幕墙、冷却顶板系统、地板送风以及和自然采光。这些特性将共同大幅降低能耗，减少大厦对城市基础设施的依赖。
珠江城大厦垂直風力渦輪機網頁:
Source: Google search picture
廣州塔: Two WS-4B systems help to power LED exterior lights (光伏系统预计的年发电量12660度。风力发电机年发电量约为41472度, 資料來源: 百度廣州塔)
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揭秘世界最節能摩天大樓：廣州珠江大廈(圖)
2009-10-29 http://www.enorth.com.cn 轉載自:
https://web./web/20140114081917/http://tech.big5.enorth.com.cn/system/2009/10/29/004255356.shtml
珠江大廈采用曲線外形設計
水經由混凝土梁流入通風管，冷氣從屋頂的冷水散熱器進入采集裝置
位於中國廣州一座號稱『全球最節能建築』的摩天大樓『珠江大廈』(Pearl River
Tower)被認為是對抗環境污染的一盞『明燈』。這座大廈可利用風能、太陽能發電，正在引領綠色建設技術的新潮流。珠江大廈正從中國南方城市廣州拔地而起，建成後高71層。據設計者稱，它將是世界上最節能的摩天大樓。在諸多設計用來發電或節能的特點中，最吸引人眼球的是珠江大廈的外形。它采用曲線外形設計，面向盛行風的方向。設計者還令大廈的外形可以增加風速，迫使其穿過風力渦輪機所在大樓的位置，打造超高品質、超低能耗、綠色環保的建築。
如今，在很多建築中，風力渦輪機都被看作是對空間的一種浪費，給城市帶來很大噪音。有報道稱，日本一家公司安裝了一臺風力渦輪機，但這臺風力渦輪機不僅不能發電，並且，運行還要用電，可謂得不償失，該公司這樣做只是為了給自己臉上『貼金』。然而，負責設計珠江大廈的美國SOM建築設計事務所堅持認為，他們對風力渦輪機的實驗表明，這棟建築可以產生在經濟上可行的風力。
垂直軸渦輪機將安裝在用以緊急避險的設備樓層，因此，不會佔有任何有用的辦公空間。SOM建築設計事務所宣稱，他們充分考慮到節能和發電技術同空間運用的結合，令其可以實現史無前例的收獲，所以，這棟大樓可以在能耗上做到『自給自足』。
當然，他們絕不是唯一追求綜合設計原則的建築設計師。有觀察人士認為，大量建築物可以承受附屬性質的環保性能，但並不慎重考慮以更為適當的辦法實現這個目標。以珠江大廈的制冷系統為例，在大部分時間裡，空調制冷都由通風管道負責，而通風管道本身既消耗能量，又浪費樓層和屋頂之間的空間。而且，在這裡是通過冷水系統實現制冷的。
水經由混凝土梁流入通風管，冷氣從屋頂的冷水散熱器進入采集裝置。這種方法的確不節省能量。SOM建築設計事務所稱，珠江大廈節約了大量空間，所以，使得投資者能以極小的代價獲得多餘5層辦公空間的使用。實際上，他們預測，對珠江大樓的多餘投資將在5年內給投資者帶來回報。
除此之外，珠江大樓還有其他一些環保性能。例如，每一層都有一堵厚厚的雙層玻璃牆，將熱氣輸送至上方的設備樓層，被用於除去濕氣。大廈立面還廣泛采用太陽能電池發電技術，它們的設計朝太陽的方向彎曲，盡管太陽能電池板的當前成本對全部使用產生能量的玻璃建設這座大樓的外層產生了不利影響。
大樓內大量采用自動化控制系統，保證能量不會有一絲一毫的浪費。SOM建築設計事務所稱，他們本可以讓大樓產生更多能量，可由於廣州市沒有任何設施可以將自己發的電輸送到電網，他們即使做了恐怕也是無用功。對於很多人來說，他們可能都聽到過類似說法。
我們無法證實這種說法是否屬實，但珠江大廈無疑是一個令人激動的項目。SOM建築設計事務所東亞區負責人艾米·恩格萊哈特(Ame Englehart)說：『這棟建築的設計十分大膽。開發商非常自信，准備盡可能將這一設計推向新的高峰。』 SOM建築設計事務所堅稱，這一設計是按廣州實地情況量身打造，在別的地方無法復制。
London's Strata tower wins Carbuncle Cup as Britain's ugliest new building
此大厦屋頂裝有三具五扇葉各 19 千瓦kw風力發電機, 年發電量共達50MWh,
The Strata building in Elephant & Castle, south London. Photograph: Sarah Lee for the Guardian
Source: https://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/2010/aug/12/strata-tower-britains-ugliest-building
Source: https://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/2010/aug/12/strata-tower-britains-ugliest-building
The 42-storey building
in Elephant & Castle was nominated for its 'plain visual grotesqueness' and
'Philishave stylings' (下圖紅點).
此處綠點是馬克斯墓 Highgate Cemetery _/
此處綠點是馬克斯墓 Highgate Cemetery _/
It was hailed a breakthrough in urban wind
power: a 42-storey tower with built-in turbines to deliver 8% of its electricity
needs. But today the Strata tower in south London found
itself becalmed when it was named Britain's ugliest new building, pipping a
rival that the judges said resembled a giant pair of buttocks and a bus station
that looked like a jelly mould.
Justin Black, the director of the developer Brookfield had already admitted: "It's what I term Marmite architecture – you either love it or you hate it." And sure enough the judges of the Carbuncle Cup, architecture's least sought after prize, opted for the latter.
"Decked out with Philishave stylings, this is a building that appears to be auditioning for a supporting role in a James Bond title sequence," said Ellis Woodman of Building Design, the trade newspaper which organised the prize.
The building was nominated by The Georgian Group for its "plain visual grotesqueness". Adam Jones, another nominator, said: "I used to live in south London and moved partly because — and I'm not joking — the Strata tower made me feel ill and I had to see it every day."
The dubious honour, now in its fifth year, is intended as an antidote to the Royal Institute of British Architect's Stirling Prize for the best building and has attracted growing levels of interest. Design critic Stephen Bayley said it "attracts a far higher level of intelligent participation than the Stirling prize".
Thirty-one buildings were nominated by readers "united in their often poetic expressions of outrage", said Woodman. The shortlisted Cube office development in Birmingham was described by its nominator as like "a lumpy beige ornament your father buys your mother for her birthday because he thinks it's classy, whereas she can see it for the tat it is".
For the winner, there was the difficult question of how to react. Robert Torday, the marketing director of the apparently unamused architects of the scheme, BFLS, declined to comment.
And not everyone is sure the award is a good thing.
"Labelling one architect with having produced the worst building of the year without mention of the client, developer or contractor means giving the architect a massive kicking when they are very rarely the sole author of the project," said Charles Holland, director of FAT Architecture. "Nothing wrong with robust criticism, but laughing at other people's mistakes is never an edifying spectacle."
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Justin Black, the director of the developer Brookfield had already admitted: "It's what I term Marmite architecture – you either love it or you hate it." And sure enough the judges of the Carbuncle Cup, architecture's least sought after prize, opted for the latter.
"Decked out with Philishave stylings, this is a building that appears to be auditioning for a supporting role in a James Bond title sequence," said Ellis Woodman of Building Design, the trade newspaper which organised the prize.
The building was nominated by The Georgian Group for its "plain visual grotesqueness". Adam Jones, another nominator, said: "I used to live in south London and moved partly because — and I'm not joking — the Strata tower made me feel ill and I had to see it every day."
The dubious honour, now in its fifth year, is intended as an antidote to the Royal Institute of British Architect's Stirling Prize for the best building and has attracted growing levels of interest. Design critic Stephen Bayley said it "attracts a far higher level of intelligent participation than the Stirling prize".
Thirty-one buildings were nominated by readers "united in their often poetic expressions of outrage", said Woodman. The shortlisted Cube office development in Birmingham was described by its nominator as like "a lumpy beige ornament your father buys your mother for her birthday because he thinks it's classy, whereas she can see it for the tat it is".
For the winner, there was the difficult question of how to react. Robert Torday, the marketing director of the apparently unamused architects of the scheme, BFLS, declined to comment.
And not everyone is sure the award is a good thing.
"Labelling one architect with having produced the worst building of the year without mention of the client, developer or contractor means giving the architect a massive kicking when they are very rarely the sole author of the project," said Charles Holland, director of FAT Architecture. "Nothing wrong with robust criticism, but laughing at other people's mistakes is never an edifying spectacle."
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London landmark building will generate 8% of its energy needs
Rooftop turbines on the 'Razor' are first in world to be built into fabric of apartment block
轉載自: https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2010/mar/14/razor-tower-wind-turbines
The 'Razor', a newly completed tower block in Elephant and Castle,
London, will generate nearly a tenth of its own energy through its three
rooftop turbines. Photograph: Linda Nylind
Peering down 148 metres from the top of the latest addition to
London’s skyline at the traffic-clogged Elephant and Castle roundabout
below and its notorious neighbour, the Heygate estate, feel an unlikely
location for a world first. But next week, this new skyscraper,
nicknamed “the Razor”, will take a crucial step towards becoming the
world’s first building with wind turbines built into its fabric.
While wind speeds in the concrete jungle at the tower’s base would render a wind turbine pointless, at 42 storeys up they are capable of 35mph gusts – a serious challenge for the workers who created the complex steel structure – and are projected to generate 8% of the building’s electricity needs.
The building – officially called the Strata tower – is a £113m milestone in the £1.5bn project to regenerate the Elephant and Castle area. The Strata development, which comprises the tower and a smaller “Pavillion” building, is a statement of the new demographic Southwark council hopes the area will attract – its 408 apartments range from £230,000 to £2.5m.
While wind speeds in the concrete jungle at the tower’s base would render a wind turbine pointless, at 42 storeys up they are capable of 35mph gusts – a serious challenge for the workers who created the complex steel structure – and are projected to generate 8% of the building’s electricity needs.
The building – officially called the Strata tower – is a £113m milestone in the £1.5bn project to regenerate the Elephant and Castle area. The Strata development, which comprises the tower and a smaller “Pavillion” building, is a statement of the new demographic Southwark council hopes the area will attract – its 408 apartments range from £230,000 to £2.5m.
But the tower also marks an innovation for the building sector, which
under government regulations will have to make all new buildings
zero-carbon by 2019.
Justin Black, director for Brookfield, the developer, said the decision to choose wind was a “conscious decision to experiment”. He pointed out that the entire southern facade of the building would have had to be covered in solar photovoltaics to generate the same amount of energy. “The brief we gave to Hamilton’s Architects was we wanted a statement, we wanted to create benchmarks for sustainability and urban living. We wanted something bold, we wanted remarkable. It’s what I term Marmite architecture – you either love it or you hate it, there’s no in between,” Black said.
Next week the blades for the 9m-diameter turbines arrive on site and will be winched on to the roof for installation in early April, before the building is opened by London major Boris Johnson – circumstances permitting – on 1 July. The 19kW turbines, which were made bespoke for the project, will have five blades rather than the usual three to reduce noise. Vibrations to the rest of the building should be eliminated by a five-tonne base fitted with four anti-vibration dampeners.
Unlike a conventional turbine standing in a field, the three in the Strata tower are expected to use the Venturi effect — think of wind being forced between two large buildings — to suck wind in from many angles and accelerate it through the tubes. As well as generating a predicted 50MWh annually, the turbines will also generate money – an estimated £16,000-£17,000 annually – through the government’s new and controversial feed-in-tariff, which starts on 1 April.
Other attempts have been made to minimise the tower’s environmental footprint, which is 6% above the energy efficiency required under building regulations. For example it uses a natural ventilation system and there is no air-conditioning. A wholly glazed building was ruled out to increase insulation and reduce noise.
Paul King, chief executive of UK Green Building Council, hailed the building as pioneering but warned that wind power was unlikely to become widespread in skyscrapers: “You’ve got to take your hat off to the design team for delivering a building that clearly captures the imagination. I doubt whether wind power will become a common feature in high-rise inner-city projects – but without this type of bold innovation, how would we ever know? Let’s see how it works and learn from the real performance data that is gathered.”
Strata is not alone among efforts to build wind-powered “cities in the sky”. The Bahrain World Trade Centre already has wind turbines slung between its two towers, China has plans for high-rise buildings with turbines built into their fabric, and the Lighthouse tower in Paris’ La Defense district should be topped by turbines when it’s completed in 2015. Not all such wind towers have met with success though: Dubai’s Anara Tower was cancelled, while New York’s Freedom Tower, which was to replace the World Trade Centre, lost its proposed turbines in a redesign.
Justin Black, director for Brookfield, the developer, said the decision to choose wind was a “conscious decision to experiment”. He pointed out that the entire southern facade of the building would have had to be covered in solar photovoltaics to generate the same amount of energy. “The brief we gave to Hamilton’s Architects was we wanted a statement, we wanted to create benchmarks for sustainability and urban living. We wanted something bold, we wanted remarkable. It’s what I term Marmite architecture – you either love it or you hate it, there’s no in between,” Black said.
Next week the blades for the 9m-diameter turbines arrive on site and will be winched on to the roof for installation in early April, before the building is opened by London major Boris Johnson – circumstances permitting – on 1 July. The 19kW turbines, which were made bespoke for the project, will have five blades rather than the usual three to reduce noise. Vibrations to the rest of the building should be eliminated by a five-tonne base fitted with four anti-vibration dampeners.
Unlike a conventional turbine standing in a field, the three in the Strata tower are expected to use the Venturi effect — think of wind being forced between two large buildings — to suck wind in from many angles and accelerate it through the tubes. As well as generating a predicted 50MWh annually, the turbines will also generate money – an estimated £16,000-£17,000 annually – through the government’s new and controversial feed-in-tariff, which starts on 1 April.
Other attempts have been made to minimise the tower’s environmental footprint, which is 6% above the energy efficiency required under building regulations. For example it uses a natural ventilation system and there is no air-conditioning. A wholly glazed building was ruled out to increase insulation and reduce noise.
Paul King, chief executive of UK Green Building Council, hailed the building as pioneering but warned that wind power was unlikely to become widespread in skyscrapers: “You’ve got to take your hat off to the design team for delivering a building that clearly captures the imagination. I doubt whether wind power will become a common feature in high-rise inner-city projects – but without this type of bold innovation, how would we ever know? Let’s see how it works and learn from the real performance data that is gathered.”
Strata is not alone among efforts to build wind-powered “cities in the sky”. The Bahrain World Trade Centre already has wind turbines slung between its two towers, China has plans for high-rise buildings with turbines built into their fabric, and the Lighthouse tower in Paris’ La Defense district should be topped by turbines when it’s completed in 2015. Not all such wind towers have met with success though: Dubai’s Anara Tower was cancelled, while New York’s Freedom Tower, which was to replace the World Trade Centre, lost its proposed turbines in a redesign.
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