最新消息: https://twitter.com/valhallaenergia
智利北部的阿塔卡马沙漠区有价值连城的矿藏，年光照时间达到2400小时，比西藏更长，而且平均温度只有25摄氏度，因此光伏发电率高于中东北非澳大利亞等炎热的地区。就光熱發電CSP來看, 它更拥有全球最高 DNI 辐照值.
玻利維亞的烏尤尼鹽沼 Salar de Uyuni (深最少 5 公尺, 一萬平方公里, 海拔 3,500公尺) 現時仍有數百萬噸鋰礦未開採, 估計不能用作抽水蓄能.
Source: Google map (純白的便是烏尤尼鹽沼)
Source: https://twitter.com/valhallaenergia 你知道智利是太陽輻射最高的嗎？
Source: https://twitter.com/valhallaenergia 你知道智利是太陽輻射最高的嗎？
圖文轉載自:
智利北部的阿塔卡马沙漠区有价值连城的矿藏，年光照时间达到2400小时，比西藏更长，而且平均温度只有25摄氏度，因此光伏发电率高于中东北非澳大利亞等炎热的地区。就光熱發電CSP來看, 它更拥有全球最高 DNI 辐照值.
玻利維亞的烏尤尼鹽沼 Salar de Uyuni (深最少 5 公尺, 一萬平方公里, 海拔 3,500公尺) 現時仍有數百萬噸鋰礦未開採, 估計不能用作抽水蓄能.
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以下為 Valhalla.cl 網頁圖片: (純白的便是烏尤尼鹽沼)
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圖文轉載自:
Location, Location, Location: Massive Pumped Storage + Solar PV Project Closer to Reality
The company is completing the last mile as it seeks to find the strategic investment it needs to build the project.
September 28, 2016
A proposed 300-MW pumped storage hydropower plant combined with 600-MW solar PV plant is taking shape in Chile. Valhalla, the team behind the Espejo de Terapaca plant said in an interview that it has hired Marathon Capital to help find strategic investors in the project. If the right partners are found, the US $1 billion project could begin construction in early 2017.
It’s the perfect location for a project like this because of the natural landscape. No dams will need to be built and the land will not be disturbed because it is a desert.
“There is a big coastal mountain range very close from the ocean and [the landscape] has natural concavities, said Francisco Torrealba, co-founder of the company. “That is something that you rarely see anywhere else in the world,” he added.
The project will use Francis-type turbines from a European supplier and PV with single-axis tracking to generate baseload power at an extremely competitive price.
“This is most likely going to be one of the cheapest pumped storage plants in the world," said Torrealba referencing the power auction held in Chile in early September where Valhalla bid $65.9 per MWh compared to gas at $69.9, hydro at $76.1, biomass at $85.6 and coal at $89.7.
“We actually came cheaper than hydro plants, cheaper than coal, cheaper than almost all natural gas plants,” he said.
The cost to build a project of this size is “significant,” said Laurie Kelly, CFO at Valhalla. For that reason, the company has recently begun working with Marathon Capital, a 17-year old investment bank and financial advisory firm headquartered in Chicago.
Thiago Alfaia, Director at Marathon Capital leads Latin American initiatives for the bank and is working closely with Valhalla.
“We are very confident that we will be able to raise the required capital,” he said in an interview.
Alfaia said Marathon finds the project intriguing not so much for the technologies in use (solar PV and pumped hydro are fairly commonplace these days) but for the concept and the costs.
轉載自: http://www.renewableenergyworld.com/articles/2016/03/solar-firm-seeks-backers-for-600-mw-project-in-chile.html
Solar Firm Seeks Backers for 600-MW Project in Chile
March 28, 2016 By Vanessa Dezem and Javiera Quiroga, Bloomberg Valhalla Energia is seeking partners to build a 600-MW solar project in Chile that will incorporate hydropower to deliver energy 24 hours a day. The company is in talks with investors to raise as much as 40 percent of the estimated $1.3 billion needed for the project — $900 million for the solar component and $400 million for a 300-MW hydropower system — according to Juan Andres Camus, Santiago-based Valhalla’s co-founder and chief executive officer. The rest will come from bank loans. “We are looking for sponsors that can be part of the project as equity," Camus said in an interview in Santiago on March 18. "We are in advanced negotiations." The Cielos de Tarapaca solar project aims to produce electricity around the clock, using an integrated solar and hydro system that pumps sea water uphill to a reservoir during the day and letting it flow through turbines at night. The project is in Chile’s northern Atacama desert, the same region where the struggling Spanish developer Abengoa SA recently mothballed its $1 billion, 110-MW solar-thermal power plant that retained heat to generate power at night. The two plants represent rival technologies to store solar energy and guarantee supply after sundown. ‘Risky Project’ Valhalla received environmental approval in January for the project and expects to start construction in the second half of 2016. Both the solar and the hydro plant will be about 100 kilometers (62 miles) southeast of the city of Iquique and are scheduled to go into operation in 2020. "It is an expensive and risky project as the technology is rare in the region," said Ana Verena Lima, an analyst with of Bloomberg New Energy Finance in Sao Paulo. "But of course everything will depend on its efficiency, on the contracts and financing conditions they can get." Valhalla is competing with a 616-MW solar plant owned by Empresa de Desarrollo de Energias Renovables Alen Walung SA, now under construction in Chile, to be the largest in Latin America. In terms of profitability, Cielos de Tarapaca will be competitive with new thermal electric plants, according to Camus, who didn’t provide details on financing. The company will focus on long-term, bilateral contracts with the copper mines that dot northern Chile and wants to participate in the next auction of Chilean power contracts later this year. It is negotiating with local and international banks for financing. "The big opportunity in Chile is energy supply 24 hours a day and, for now, solar energy cannot accomplish that,” Camus said. “The hydro project is a very efficient way of storing energy.”
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圖文轉載自: www.marathon-cap.com/investment-banker/Thiago-Alfaia
Thiago Alfaia, Director for Marathon Capital, is responsible for executing M&A and private placement engagements in the energy sector. Mr. Alfaia has been involved with the Energy and Infrastructure markets since 2003. At Marathon Capital, he has worked on several significant wind, solar, biomass and geothermal financing and M&A transactions and led one of Marathon’s landmark transactions, the successful equity capital raise and project financing of Mexico Power Group’s La Bufa 1 Wind Farm. Other noteworthy transactions are: the sale of Suzlon’s 240 MW Big Sky Project to EverPower, the equity and construction financing of 30 MW Patua Geothermal Project, the sale of Coram Energy Group’s 124MW portfolio of operating wind projects in California to Brookfield Renewable Energy Partners and the sale of Central Hudson’s Shirley Wind Project to Duke Energy. Previously, he has also worked in various project finance and M&A assignments in the Brazilian energy industry, including the valuation and sale processes of an electricity transmission company, a 300 MW coal and gas-fired thermal power generation project and a 600 MW hydro power plant, in addition to many other renewable energy development projects. Mr. Alfaia is a member of the Beta Gamma Sigma Society and received his MBA with High Honors and with concentrations in Accounting, Analytic Finance and Entrepreneurship from the University of Chicago. Mr. Alfaia holds his Series 7, 63 and 79 licenses.
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維基百科:
瓦爾哈拉（Valhalla）是北歐神話中的天堂，亦意譯作英靈神殿；掌管戰爭、藝術與死者的主神奧丁命令女武神「瓦爾基麗」將陣亡的英靈戰士帶來此處服侍，享受永恆的幸福。勇者們舉杯暢飲的宮殿[編輯]在諸神的居所阿斯嘉特有一座名為格拉希爾（Glarsir）樹林，瓦爾哈拉就位在此。這個巨大的殿堂共有540房間。宮殿的牆由長矛搭成，屋頂用盾牌築成，椅子上放置了給勇士們的黃金鎧甲和血色戰袍，瓦爾哈拉的正中擺放著黃金座椅，主神奧丁就坐在上面。凡戰死沙場的勇士，都能成為宮中的上賓。被女武神帶到瓦爾哈拉的英靈戰士，先由奧丁的兩個兒子在宮中歡迎，然後被帶到奧丁的御座前接受嘉獎。如果是諸神平日屬意的戰士到來，奧丁也會起身迎接，以示特別的禮遇。在瓦爾哈拉宮中，設有盛筵饗待那些戰死者，筵席上有美味的野豬肉和香濃的羊奶蜜酒。野豬肉是神豬沙赫利姆尼爾的肉，每天由神宮的廚子安德赫利姆尼爾（Andhrimnir）割下來在大鍋（Eldhrímnir）裡燒好。這隻神豬每天都會復活，而且又生滿了一身肥肉。羊奶蜜酒則是由一隻神奇的羊—海德倫（Heidrun）不斷的生產，供應英靈戰士們的需求。當戰士吃喝夠時，他們就會起身互相對戰，持續的練習打鬥的技巧，以面對在諸神的黃昏中那場最後的戰鬥。持續不懈的戰鬥精神，以及大口喝酒、大口吃肉的豪邁形象，這就是以勇敢為無上美德，以戰死為無上光榮的北歐人，心目中最理想的生活方式。居住在此的，除了女武神和英靈戰士們以外，還有一隻名為古林肯比的公雞。其他的歸宿[編輯]非戰死者的靈魂，就會到位於由赫爾所統治的死之國赫爾海姆；女性的靈魂會到由神后弗麗嘉主持的殿堂去；而奴隸的靈魂則會到由雷神索爾所準備的殿堂中。
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Source: Map of Bolivia from the CIA World Factbook.
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維基百科:
硝石戰爭，亦稱太平洋戰爭 （1879–1883） 。這次戰爭中，秘魯和玻利維亞共同對抗智利。智利最終獲勝，奪得原本屬秘魯的塔拉帕卡省和阿利卡省（Arica），以及玻利維亞的濱海省（Litoral）。自此之後，玻利維亞失去出海口，成為內陸國。
維基百科:
硝石戰爭，亦稱太平洋戰爭 （1879–1883） 。這次戰爭中，秘魯和玻利維亞共同對抗智利。智利最終獲勝，奪得原本屬秘魯的塔拉帕卡省和阿利卡省（Arica），以及玻利維亞的濱海省（Litoral）。自此之後，玻利維亞失去出海口，成為內陸國。
城隨之建成。1879年，玻利維亞在太平洋戰爭中戰敗，被迫將整個安托法加斯塔地區割讓與智利。
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------1883年前, Iquique
Valhalla 工程其一在Yape內陸,
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阿他加馬沙漠地形圖
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| Source: Wikipedia |
在中国被追杀殆尽的一支太平军残军 却在南美洲横空出世！
编辑：搜搜网 时间：2016-08-26 http://www.
西拉皮佐少将盛赞这支太平军说：“这支军队没有西方军队的纪律，
在第二次莫克瓜战役中，
接下来，
至此，智利军队占领了玻秘两国太平洋沿岸全部硝石产地，
1881年1月17日，智利军队攻占秘鲁首都利马。
1883年10月20日，秘鲁与智利在利马北部安孔城签订条约，
根据《安孔条约》，秘鲁将塔拉帕卡省割让给智利，
玻利维亚则先后于1884年和1904年与智利签订瓦尔帕莱索协
为了表彰太平军的丰厚功绩，
智利政府还决定履行先前的承诺，将伊基克赠给太平军余部，
但一生厮杀的陈永碌等人已经累了，并没有在异域割据的野心，
风云起落，时光荏苒，转眼一百多年过去了。
如今，我们漫步在伊基克街头，依旧可以在这里找到很多中国元素。
而2008年2月20日，
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